广西南部凭祥中三叠世沉积盆地构造环境——来自岩相学和碎屑岩地球化学的证据   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宋博  闫全人  向忠金  陈辉明  李继亮 《地质通报》2014,33(12):2032-2050

岩相学特征表明,广西凭祥盆地砾岩可分为颗粒支撑和基质支撑2种,砾石成分主要为生物碎屑灰岩,其次为砂岩和泥岩。盆地砂岩主要由成分成熟度和结构成熟度较低的亚岩屑(杂)砂岩和岩屑(杂)砂岩组成,物源区为碰撞造山带或再旋回造山带。碎屑岩地球化学特征表明,凭祥中三叠世盆地中的砂岩和泥岩样品SiO2含量为61.71%~74.85%,接近于上地壳的平均值。具有高的K2O/Na2O值(6.50~0.51)和高的TFe2O3+MgO含量(7.29%~10.31%),TFe2O3/K2O值为2.05%~5.54%,矿物稳定性较差。稀土元素标准化配分曲线呈现出轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素平坦和明显的Eu、Ce负异常特征,类似于上地壳和典型的太古宙页岩,具有海相沉积的特征。砂岩风化蚀变指数CIA高(71~88),Th/U值为3.68~9.53,表明砂岩和泥岩经历了较强的风化作用。砂岩物源区判别图表明,凭祥盆地物源与酸性岛弧具明显的亲缘性,增生楔和活动陆缘是主要的物源区。这些特征综合表明,凭祥盆地是一个伴随古特提斯分支洋盆闭合、经强烈构造改造的残余弧前盆地。  相似文献   

沉积岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率与孔隙连通性之间的关系     

龚建洛  张金功  惠涛  黄传卿  张林晔  孙志刚  陈晓军 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,(6):1789-1797

根据对渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷泥质岩、粉砂岩、砂岩和白云岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率差异及孔隙连通性差异特征的研究,探讨了沉积岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率与孔隙连通性之间的关系。热导率实验结果表明:沾化凹陷泥质岩、粉砂岩和砂岩的平行层面方向热导率大于垂直层面方向热导率;白云岩的平行层面方向热导率小于垂直层面方向热导率。沉积岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率差异和孔隙连通性差异之间具有正相关性。孔隙特征分析结果表明:孔隙连通性较好方向,热导率也较高;孔隙连通性较差的的方向,热导率也较低。  相似文献   

Multiepisodic evaporite sedimentation as an indicator of palaeogeographical evolution in foreland basins (South‐eastern Pyrenean basin,Early–Middle Eocene)     

Emili Carrillo  Laura Rosell  Federico Ortí 《Sedimentology》2014,61(7):2086-2112

Extensive deposition of marine evaporites occurred during the Early–Middle Eocene in the South‐eastern Pyrenean basin (north‐east Spain). This study integrates stratigraphic and geochemical analyses of subsurface data (oil wells, seismic profiles and gravity data) together with field surveys to characterize this sedimentation in the foredeep and adjacent platform. Four major evaporite units were identified. The oldest was the Serrat Evaporites unit, with a platform‐slope‐basin configuration. Thick salina and sabkha sulphates accumulated on the platform, whereas resedimented and gravity‐derived sulphates were deposited on the slope, and salt and sulphates were deposited in the deep basin. In the subsequent unit (Vallfogona evaporites), thin sulphates formed on the platform, whereas very thick siliciclastic turbidites accumulated in the foredeep. However, some clastic gypsum coming from the platform (gypsarenites and gypsum olistoliths) was intercalated in these turbidites. The following unit, the Beuda Gypsum Formation developed in a sulphate platform‐basin configuration, where the topography of the depositional surface had become smooth. The youngest unit, the Besalú Gypsum, formed in a shallow setting. This small unit provides the last evidence of marine influence in a residual basin. Sulphur and oxygen isotope compositions are consistent with a marine origin for all evaporites. However, δ³⁴S and δ¹⁸O values also suggest that, except for the oldest unit (Serrat Evaporites), there was some sulphate recycling from the older into the younger units. The South‐eastern Pyrenean basin constitutes a fine example of a foreland basin that underwent multiepisodic evaporitic sedimentation. In the basin, depositional factors evolved with time under a structural control. Decreasing complexity is observed in the lithofacies, as well as in the depositional models, together with a diminishing thickness of the evaporite units.  相似文献   

Understanding the Mesozoic kinematic evolution in the Cameros basin (Iberian Range,NE Spain) from magnetic subfabrics and mesostructures     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2014

Analysis of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and brittle mesostructures (hydroplastic synsedimentary faults and tension gashes) is applied in this study in order to characterize the Mesozoic tectonic events in the Cameros basin (NW Iberian Range), formed between Tithonian and Albian times. Low-field AMS at room and low temperature (LF-AMS at RT and LF-AMS at LT, respectively) together with high-field AMS (HF-AMS) measurements allow separating ferro- and paramagnetic fabrics. The combination of LF-AMS at LT and HF-AMS torque measurements confirms the reliability of both procedures in terms of isolating the paramagnetic contribution to the AMS. Magnetic fabric results combined with the analyses of synsedimentary faults indicate a NW–SE extension direction during Aptian (and probably Barremian) times. This extension direction is perpendicular to the main extension direction (NE–SW) prevailing during early and late stages of basin evolution. It is also consistent with extension direction deduced from large-scale bending folds and tension gashes, developed after partial lithification. Cleavage development during Albian enhanced the orientation of the magnetic fabric in lithologies where the previous extensional magnetic lineation is coaxial with the expected one for compression.  相似文献   

赣南白面石铀矿田成因再认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭培坤  张运涛  倪修义  裴荣富  陈永飞  龙承高  于波  王浩琳 《矿床地质》2014,33(1):201-209

赣南白面石铀矿田经上世纪60~80年代勘查,发现和探明了白面石、龙坑、双坑、马荠塘4个铀矿床和黄泥湖铀矿点,成为中国重要的铀资源基地。该矿田产于EW向南岭铀成矿带东段的白面石沉积-火山盆地内。该盆地的基底为印支期白面石花岗岩体;盖层为中侏罗统菖蒲组。盖层的底部为第一层砂岩,其上由基性-酸性双峰式火山岩组合与5层碎屑岩夹层组成。铀矿主要赋存在盖层底部的第一层砂岩中,其次是产在第一层玄武岩与第一层砂岩的接触带,有少量产在基底花岗岩顶部的风化壳中。关于该铀矿田的成因,有砂岩型沉积说、同生沉积后生富集说、成岩成矿热液叠加说、岩浆热液说,等等。为了厘定矿床成因类型,以确立今后的找矿方向,笔者对该矿田的资料进行了重新整理,应用Minesight软件选择典型的白面石铀矿床建立了三维地质模型,并收集了最新的同位素定年和岩石地球化学分析资料。研究表明,白面石铀矿田存在2次成矿（160~156 Ma和99~86 Ma）,其主成矿作用与第一层玄武岩的覆盖,在空间上相伴（铀矿体主要赋存于第一层砂岩及其与玄武岩的接触带）、时间上相近（成矿时间为160~156 Ma,玄武岩成岩时间为173 Ma）、成生上相关（矿化具有明显的中-低温热液蚀变）,为火山热盖成因类型,后期又有大量脉体活动,在岩脉两侧的砂岩层内又有热液型铀矿化叠加,从而形成了火山热盖及热液叠加的复成因矿床。该矿田的成矿条件是：富铀的基底,砂岩的沉积,洼沟的地形,岩浆的热盖,脉岩的入侵。  相似文献   

新疆库车盆地钾盐科探1井含盐系地球化学特征及找钾指示   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴坤  刘成林  焦鹏程  曹养同  张华  高超  赵宪福 《矿床地质》2014,33(5):1011-1019

在盐湖沉积演化过程中,钾盐矿物在盐类沉积的中晚期阶段才开始析出。因此,研究含盐系盐类的沉积地球化学特征,不仅可以从侧面获取岩盐的沉积物源和成盐古卤水蒸发浓缩程度等地球化学信息,而且更能揭示古盐湖钾盐富集趋势。文章通过对库车盆地钾盐科探1井钻取的岩芯样品进行高精度采样测试,得出岩盐中Mg×103/Cl、K×103/Cl、Li×103/Cl与K+、Mg2+、Li+、Ca2+、Cl-含量的垂向变化规律。并与库车盆地其他钻孔中的岩盐含钾性进行对比,同时,依据钻井剖面岩性特征,与潜江凹陷和大汶口凹陷含盐系剖面进行对比,论述研究区成盐的地球化学特征,对其钾盐成矿前景进行分析和评价。  相似文献   

南非主要金矿集区研究现状及存在问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王杰  任军平  何胜飞  许康康  刘晓阳  左立波  孙凯  龚鹏辉  贺福清 《地质论评》2014,60(5):997-1008

南非是世界上金矿石资源量最为丰富的国家,其金矿床主要产于东北部地区,主要有三种类型:1赋存于兰德盆地砾岩型建造中的"兰德"砾岩型金矿床,2产在绿岩带中的绿岩带型金矿床,和3主要与白云岩有关的白云岩型金矿床,以前两种类型为主。"兰德"砾岩型金矿床通常品位高,开采规模最大,目前采矿的深度最大,是南非最重要的矿床类型,其矿床成因长期以来存有争议,主要有两种观点,分别是砂矿模式和热液模式,就目前资料来看笔者等认为其代表了两个不同的矿化阶段;绿岩带型金矿床则以巴伯顿地区为代表,矿床具有规模大、易开采等特征,因此在南非金矿床开采中占有重要位置,其矿床主要赋存于石英脉或剪切带中,矿床成因主要有三种,分别是火山成矿模式、转换滑脱构造模式和构造交叉模式。  相似文献   

湘东南—赣西地区加里东期沉积演化特征     

李聪  陈世悦  张鹏飞  冯建松  王倩  李旭  史英  左虎 《地质论评》2014,60(5):1167-1174

通过对研究区加里东期沉积物的野外地质调查、剖面横向对比和岩相古地理编图,发现研究区加里东期主要发育五种沉积相类型,分别为碳酸盐岩陆棚相、碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩混积陆棚相、冰海相、欠补偿型硅质岩—页岩盆地相和补偿型浊积岩盆地相。剖面横向对比显示,研究区加里东期沉积物由西向东为连续相变沉积,横向上各种沉积相指状交叉、相互过渡;岩相古地理研究表明,加里东期湘东南—赣西地区主要发育硅质岩—页岩盆地相和浊积岩盆地相两大相带,从南华纪—奥陶纪时期两大相带的发育规模略有差异,在两大相带的结合部往往发育两种沉积相的交叉过渡带。笔者认为该区沉积相的过渡性质对探讨华南洋加里东期属性的问题有重要意义。  相似文献   

右江沉积盆地印支-燕山期金矿成矿系统研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王疆丽 《地质与勘探》2014,50(1):105-113

[摘 要] 滇黔桂接壤区卡林型金矿床含矿建造的形成与右江沉积盆地印支期的演化息息相关,本文以翟裕生等确立成矿流体系统的原理为基础,将右江沉积盆地中金矿床按照成矿流体输导体系的不同划分为断裂构造输导成矿子系统、不整合面构造输导成矿子系统、岩性输导成矿子系统。以典型矿床为载体,初步探讨了各成矿子系统的成矿要素、成矿作用过程和成矿作用产物,并建立了该成矿系统的综合成矿模式。  相似文献   

Correlation and paleoenvironments of middle Paleogene marine beds based on dinoflagellate cysts in southwestern Patagonia,Argentina     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2014

An understanding of paleonvironmental and paleoceanographic evolution of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean during the Palaeogene is prevented by the lack of precise tools to date and correlate the sedimentary units. Palynological samples collected in the upper portion of the Man Aike Formation, which crops out southern Lago Argentino area, in the southwest of the Austral Basin (50°21′45″S–72°14′30″W), contain well preserved marine organic dinoflagellate cysts, which are potentially important biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental indicators. Herein we describe the composition of the Man Aike Formation's dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and compare them to similar assemblages collected in the same basin in the upper member of the Río Turbio Formation using Compositional Statistical Analysis. The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from the upper part of the Man Aike Formation are highly correlated to the assemblages from the upper member of the Río Turbio Formation from outcropping sections (51°31′13″S–72°15′11″W) and with the lower part of sediment cores drilled by Yacimientos Carboníferos Fiscales in the Río Turbio Formation area. These dinoflagellate cyst assemblages show a very low correlation with the assemblages from the upper part of the Yacimientos Carboníferos Fiscales's cores. The comparison of our results with the high-resolution Southern Pacific Ocean dinoflagellate cyst zonation for the late Palaeocene to late Eocene allow us to date some of the dinoflagellate events recorded in formations of southwestern Patagonia. The assemblages from the Man Aike Formation and the lower part of the upper member of the Río Turbio Formation relate to the zones SPDZ11 and SPDZ12 and are assigned to the mid-middle Eocene (late Lutetian to early Bartonian). The biostratigraphy proposed herein constrains the age of the Man Aike Formation and equivalent units based on calcareous microfossil data, mollusks affinities and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotopic values to an age ranging between ∼42 and 39 Ma. The assemblages from the upper part of the upper member of the Río Turbio Formation relate to the SPDZ13 Zone, which corresponds to the late Eocene (early Priabonian). The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages indicate that they were under the influence of relatively warm, marine open waters in an inner-shelf environment for the lower part of the sections. In the upper part of the sections, the assemblages suggest shallow marine waters associated with coastal areas and high trophic levels, possibly as a result of freshwater inputs.  相似文献